Improvement in manufacture of card-clothhjg



N. PETERS. PHOTO-L) NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN C.

EDWIN S. LAWRENCE, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

LenersPamNo. 83,179, daad octobeff 20,1868. i

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part o( thesame.

.Know all men by these presents:

That I, Enwir.Y S. LAWRENCE, of the city and county of VVorGeSter, andCommonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Card-Clothing; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, and in which- Figure l represents a perspective view ofso lunch of a piece of eard-clothingand holding-plates as is necessaryto illustrate my present improvements, and

Figure 2 represents, upon an enlarged scale, a section of a piece ofcard-clothing, showing the relative positions of the back and teeth when'the latter are set in thick-paper backs, as will be hereafter'explained.

To enable those skilled in the art to which my invention belongs to makeand use the same, l will proceed to describe it more in detail.

The nature of my invention consists--v First, in setting the card-teethin paper backs, while the latter are satmated or in a moistened state.as

hereafter explained;

Second, in setting the teeth in moistened-paper backs, in which theholes are not punched entirely through the backs by thepnnctru'ing-illstrument, previous to the entering of the points of theteeth, as hereafter explained; and

Third, in subjecting the sides of the strips of cardclothing to pressuredining the process of drying, for the purposes hereafter stated.

ln the drawings, iig. l represents a piece of a paper back, A, which iscomposed of a series of -layers or thicknesses of paper pressed closelytogether, andwhich is usually made in long pieces rolled up.

These pieces I cut up into the desired lengths, which depends upon theparticular use to which they are to.

be applied.

After cutting up the pieces, they are placed in-wat'er for some sixhours, after which they are removed and covered up with a clotlror otherproper covering, and allowed to remani from eight to twelve hours, to.even up, that is, to allow.time for the moisture to penetrate throughthe entire back.

The pieces are now taken and the teeth set while the paperbacks are in amoistened state, when the strips are taken and placed between guide orsupporting-pieces, B B, which are to be forced 'against the sides of thestrips A, for the purpose of preventing 'the strips from contracting ordrawing out of line or slhape as they dry, or the moisture is evaporatedthere- The guide-pieces are to be forced up against the sides of thestrips as they dry, which operation may be performed by mechanismarranged to operate antomatically, if preferred.

In the operation of setting the card-teeth, the paper back is notpierced entirely through, prior to the enter ing of the pointed ends a aof the teeth, consequently when the teeth are forced through the back,in completing the puncture, a portion, l), of the moistened libre iselevated or forced out with the teeth, as shown in the drawings,especially in g. 2, which is made upon an enlarged scale, to illustratemore fully this feature.

As the backs dry, the extended or elevated parts b of the fibre dry andcontract about the base of the teeth, and thus forinsupporting-gums, asit were, which add Very much to the firmness of the teeth, as will beapparent to those skilled in the art, or to those not skilled in thealt, by reference -to lig. 2 of the drawings.'

The thick-paper back, when dry, is far superior to leather or wood forholding the teeth.

It is not affected by heat, as leather is, when the clothing is used fortentering cloth in drying-machines.

Its superiority is also shown when the clothing is used in theconstruction of cards or machines for working flax, wool, woollen rags,and other fibrous material. The teeth do not work loose, norare they soliable to spring or twist out of place.

A paper back can be made for light work, in which the teeth can be .setwhen the back is dry, but it is impossible to set the teeth inthick-paper backs, without first wetting or moistening the material, asbefore explained.

In some cases, where wooden backs are used, the latter are necessarilymade in curved form, to fit the cylinder upon which they are to befastened, whereas, wheuthick-paper backs are used, they can be bent withease to lit any-sized or shaped cylinder or workingsurface.

In fig. 2, one of the holes, as made in the paper-back before the teethare set, is shown at c, upon an enlarged scale.

Haidng described my improved clothing for carding and other machines,

What I claim therein as new and of mypinvention, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

l. Gard-clothing, made or composed of a series of teeth set in paperbacks, A, in a moistened state, and

4then dried, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. Gard-clothing, made or composed of a series of teeth set in wet ormoistened-paper backs, and then the sides of the backs subjectedtopressure while the drying-operation is completed, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

3. Gard-clothing, made or composed ofa series of teeth, C, set inmoistened or wet-paper backs, in the manner above described, whereby theteeth are supported by elevations or gums, b, substantially as shown inthe drawings.

'EDWIN S. LAWRENCE. Witnesses:

Tnos. H. Dones, Gino. H. MILLER.

